Bayani kan yankin Nagorno-Karabakh da kuma dalilan rikici a kansa

Armenia ta gargadi Majalisar Dinkin Duniya da cewar yanzu haka sojojin Azerbaijan na kokarin karar da Armeniyawa tare da aikata laifukan yaki a Nagorno-Karabakh, yankin da suka shafe tsawon shekaru suna gwabza rikici a kansa.

Birnin Hadrut, daya daga cikin garuruwan da ke yankin Nagorno-Karabakh. REUTERS - AZIZ KARIMOV

Takaitattun bayanan da za su biyo baya, za su yi mana karin bayani kan yankin Nagorno-Karabakh, da dalilan da suka haddasa rikici a kansa, da ma wasu batutuwa.

Shi dai wannan yanki da Armeniyawa suka fi sani da 'Artsakh', yanki ne mai cike da tsaunuka da ke tsakanin kan iyakar gabashin Turai da kuma yammacin nahiyar Asiya, yankin da a baya ya kunshi  kasashen da yanzu aka sani da Georgia, Armeniya da kuma Azerbaijan.

Tun shekarar 1917 bayan rugujewar daular Rasha ta farko har ya zuwa gushewar  Tarayyar Soviet, kasashen biyu ke rikici kan ikirarin mallakar Nagorno-Karabakh, 

Kasashen duniya dai sun amince da yankin a matsayin wani bangare na kasar Azarbaijan amma mai amfana da kwarya-kwaryar cin gashin kai, duk da cewar galibin mazauna yankin ‘yan kabilar Armeniya ne kuma mabiya addinin Kirista da ke cewa iyaye da kakaninsu sun rayu a yankin shekaru da dama kafin haihuwar Annabi Isa.

Zalika Azerbaijan wadda mazaunanta galibinsu Musulmai ne, itama na danganta kanta da mallakar Nagorno-Karabakh shekaru aru-aru da suka gabata, inda take zargin Armeniyawa da korar al’ummarta da ke zaune a yankin cikin shekarun da suka fara daga 1990, wannan ta sa Azerbaijan gindaya sharadin cewa, ko dai baki dayan Armeniyawa su koma amfani da fasfonta ko kuma su fice daga yankin na Nagorno-Karabakh.

Wata tankar yakin rundunar sojin Azerbaijan yayin harba makamai kan dakarun Armenia a ranar 3 ga Oktoban shekarar 2020. AP

A wane lokaci aka fara yaki kan Nagorno-Karabakh?

Yaki kan Nagorno-Karabakh na farko tsakanin Armenia da Azerbaijan ya barke ne a yayin da Tarayyar Soviet ke gaf da karasa rugujewa.

Kasashen biyu sun fara gwabzawa ne daga shekarar 1988-1994, rikicin da ya lakume rayukan mutane kimanin dubu 30,000 yayin da wasu sama da miliyan daya suka rasa matsugunansu.

Yayin yakin, Azerbaijan ta rasa wani yanki mai girma na Nagorno Karabakh da a baya baki dayansa ke karkashinta.

Bayan shafe fiye kusan shekaru 20 da sasantawa a wacccan lokacin, yakin ya sake kaurewa tsakanin Azerbaijan da Armeniya a shekarar 2020, inda aka shafe kwanaki 44 dakarun bangarorin biyu suna fafata wa a tsakanin karshen watan Satumba zuwa karshen Oktoba.

Azabaijan ce ta fara kaddamar da farmaki kan dakarun Armenia a  Nagorno-Karabakh, inda ta  samu gagarumar nasara a yakin, bayan kwace wasu sassan na Karabakh. Sama da mutane dubu 6 da 700 suka rasa rayukansu a yakin na biyu.

Wasu daga cikin sojojin da Rasha ta aika domin aikin wanzar da zaman lafiya a Nagorno-Karabakh. AFP - TOFIK BABAYEV

Yadda aka kawo karshen yakin Karabakh na biyu

Kasar Rasha da ke kawance da Armeniya wadda kuma take da kyakkyawar alaka da Azarbaijan, ce ta jagoranci tattaunawar tsagaita bude wuta.

A karkashin yarjejeniyar, an mika wa Azabaijan dukkanin yankunan da ke kewaye da Karabakh, matakin da ya bar Armeniya da yanki mafi kankanta a Karabakh din.

Halin da ake ciki kan rikicin Nagorno-Karabakh a yanzu

Bayan rikicin baya bayan nan da ya barke a watan Satumba, wanda kuma aka kuma cimma yarjejeniyar tsagaita wutarsa, a halin yanzu kokarin da masu shiga tsakanin ke yi shi ne aiwatar da yarjejeniyar sulhun shekarar 2020 da Rasha ta jagoranci kullawa, inda gwamnatin Armeniya ke neman a tilastawa Azerbaijan bude babbar hanyar Lachin (Lakin) wadda ita ce hanya daya tilo ta hada-hada, da ta sada Armeniyawa mazauna yankin Nagorno-Karabakh da kasar ta Armeniya.

Wakilan 'yan kabilar Armeniyawa daga Nagorno-Karabakh Davit Melkumyan da Sergey Martirosyan yayin halartar tattaunawa da wakilan Azabaijan a garin Yevlakh, Azerbaijan 21 ga Satumba, 2023. REUTERS - STRINGER

Yayin da  Armenia ke zargin Rasha da gazawa, ita kuwa tana tuhumar Armeniya ne da kin ci gaba da tattaunawar sulhu da Azerbaijan.

Daga karshe dai bayan gudanar da jerin taruka da taimakon shiga tsakanin Kunyiyar EU da Amurka da Rasha, bayanai sun ce ana gaf da kulla yarjejeniyar sulhu tsakanin Armenia da Azerbaijan cikin nasarar da ta zarce fiye da kokarin da aka yi a shekarun baya.

Abinda ya rage babba a yanzu shi ne makomar ‘yancin Armeniyawa dubu 120,000 da ke Karabakh wadanda  Armeniya ta ce dole a bata tabbaci kan tsare rayuka da mutuncinsu.