Matsalar sauyin yanayi ta tilastawa Zimbabwe sauyawa namun daji matsuguni

Kasar Zimbabwe ta fara kwashe namun daji sama da 2,500 daga wani yanki na kudancin kasar zuwa arewacin kasar domin kubutar da su daga fari, yayin da matsalar sauyin yanayi ta maye gurbin farautar su da ke a matsayin babbar barazana ga namun daji.

Masana sun bayyana matsalar sauyin yanayin a matsayin babbar barazana ga rayuwar dabbobin dawa © Filip Rozánek

Kimanin giwaye 400, barewa 2,000, rakuman dawa 70, bauna 50, jakin dawa 50, zakuna 10, kerkeji 10 da sauran dabbobin daji aka kwashe daga Save Valley Conservancy ta Zimbabuwe zuwa wasu matsugunai uku da aka ware musu a Sapi, Matusadonha, da Chizarira, daya daga cikin manyan shirye-shiryen kare dabbobi daji a kudancin Afirka.

Shirin mai taken Rewild Zambezi, na nufin kaurar namun daji zuwa wani yanki a cikin kwarin Zambezi don sake gina su a inda aka tanadar musu.

Wannan dai shi ne karon farko cikin shekaru 60 da kasar Zimbabwe ta fara gudanar da irin wannan yunkuri na namun daji a cikin gida. Tsakanin 1958 zuwa 1964, lokacin da kasar ta kasance karkashin mulkin ‘yan tsiraru karkashin Rhodesia, fiye da dabbobi 5,000 ne aka sauya musu matsuguni.

Karkashin wani shiri da aka yi a wancan lokaci, an kubutar da namun daji daga wani wuri da aka gina katafaren madatsar ruwa mai amfani da  lantarki a kogin Zambezi wanda ya kasance daya daga cikin manyan tafkunan da da aka samar, sai dai a lokacin ana fargabar zai kasance barazana ga namun daji.

Tasirin sauyin yanayi

A wannan karon rashin ruwa ne ya sanya ya zama dole a matsar da namun dajin ganin yadda matsugunin su ya fara bushewa saboda tsawon lokacin fari, in ji Tinashe Farawo, kakakin hukumar gandun daji na Zimbabwe.

Hukumar kula da wuraren shakatawa ta ba da izini a matsar da dabbobin don guje wa fadawa cikin bala'i," in ji Farawo.

"Muna yin haka ne domin mu rage matsin lamba, mun shafe shekaru muna yaki da mafarauta kuma kamar yadda muke samun nasara a yakin, sauyin yanayi ya zama babbar barazana ga namun daji,” a cewar Farawo.

“Da yawa daga cikin wuraren shakatawa namu sun fara cunkushewa da yawan jama’a kuma babu ruwa ko abinci. Dabbobin suna lalata wuraren zamansu, suna zama hadari ga kansu kuma suna mamaye matsugunan mutane da ke makwabtaka da su don neman abinci wanda ke haifar da rikici marar karewa,” inji shi.

Wurin adana namun daji na Sapi

Daya daga cikin sabbin wuraren da aka sauyawa dabbobin matsuguni a Zimbabwe shine Sapi Reserve.

Yanki ne mai girman eka 280,000 a gabashin Mana Pools National Park, Cibiyar Tarihi ta UNESCO wacce ke gefen kogin Zambezi da ke kan iyaka tsakanin Zimbabwe da Zambia.

Sai dai bincike ya nuna cewa tun daga shekarun 1950 har zuwa 2017, shekaru da dama da aka dauka ana fama da  matsalar masu farauta, sun haifar da kalubale ga rayuwar namun daji a Sapi.